Kald Benfield in a blog on the Sustainable Cities Collective web site argues the case for moving beyong "smart growth" to a more holistic approach. He poses ten questions bto be addressed in progressing to such an approach.

Achieving a holistic approach to learning city development is a key objective for PASCAL as in the work undertaken, by PASCAL and Cork, in developing the EcCoWell approach. While the new PASCAL networks program includes an EcCoWell Network, all five Networks can contribute to this objective, inclouding the Entrepreneurial Learning City Network. This approach will require an eye for seeing connections, for example between environment initiatives and community building and fostering citizenship. The Taipei Learning City provides an example of a broad approach across a range of sectors that encourages holistic policy development.